Abstract
Lung cancer is a significant health problem worldwide. Unfortunately, current therapeutic strategies lack a sufficient level of specificity and can harm adjacent healthy cells. Consequently, to address the clinical need, novel approaches to improve treatment efficiency with minimal side effects are required. Nanotechnology can substantially contribute to the generation of differentiated products and improve patient outcomes. Evidence from previous research suggests that nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems could provide a promising platform for the targeted delivery of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs and novel small molecule therapeutic agents to treat lung cancer cells more effectively. This has also been found to improve the therapeutic index and reduce the required drug dose. Nanodrug delivery systems also provide precise control over drug release, resulting in reduced toxic side effects, controlled biodistribution, and accelerated effects or responses. This review highlights the most advanced and novel nanotechnology-based strategies, including targeted nanodrug delivery systems, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles, and bio-nanocarriers, which have recently been employed in preclinical and clinical investigations to overcome the current challenges in lung cancer treatments.
Highlights
Lung cancer creates a significant global disease burden and is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide [1]
Lung cancer is the most frequent second primary malignancy, which is when a new cancer is identified in a person that is unrelated to an earlier cancer diagnosis [2]
85% of patients with lung cancer suffer from nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC); this type is categorized into three subtypes: (i) adenocarcinoma, (ii) squamous cell carcinoma, and (iii) large cell carcinoma
Summary
Lung cancer creates a significant global disease burden and is the most common cause (accounting for 18%) of cancer-related deaths worldwide [1]. This systemic obstacle toxicity, in cancer be addressed by usingtypes smart nanomaterials such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), polymers, dendrimers, nanodrug delivery systems This novel approach improves the therapeutic index, reduces andrequired metallic drug nanoparticles beenforemployed to increase the delivery anticancer the dose, andhave allows the control of drug release at theofdesired site therapeutics to tumor sites without affecting healthy tissues Biomolecules such as proteins, peptides, aptamers, DNA, and RNA can be loaded into nanoparticles (NPs) to increase the therapeutic efficiency [17,18,19,20] Despite these enormous advances, one of the most significant challenges in cancer therapy is the failure to develop drugs with tumor specificity [21].
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