Abstract
Natural cosmetic products have recently re-emerged as a novel tool able to counteract skin aging and skin related damages. In addition, recently achieved progress in nanomedicine opens a novel approach yielding from combination of modern nanotechnology with traditional treatment for innovative pharmacotherapeutics. In the present study, we investigated the antiaging effect of a pretreatment with Myrtus communis natural extract combined with a polycaprolactone nanofibrous scaffold (NanoPCL-M) on skin cell populations exposed to UV. We set up a novel model of skin on a bioreactor mimicking a crosstalk between keratinocytes, stem cells and fibroblasts, as in skin. Beta-galactosidase assay, indicating the amount of senescent cells, and viability assay, revealed that fibroblasts and stem cells pretreated with NanoPCL-M and then exposed to UV are superimposable to control cells, untreated and unexposed to UV damage. On the other hand, cells only exposed to UV stress, without NanoPCL-M pretreatment, exhibited a significantly higher yield of senescent elements. Keratinocyte-based 3D structures appeared disjointed after UV-stress, as compared to NanoPCL-M pretreated samples. Gene expression analysis performed on different senescence associated genes, revealed the activation of a molecular program of rejuvenation in stem cells pretreated with NanoPCL-M and then exposed to UV. Altogether, our results highlight a future translational application of NanoPCL-M to prevent skin aging.
Highlights
In the past few decades, aging-related diseases have emerged as major healthcare issues, due to prolonged lifespans [1]
The main aim of the present paper was to find out whether myrtle extracts from seeds, carrying specific previously described features [15], in combination with a nanofibrous scaffold could prevent skin aging process, stimulating tissue regeneration and whether the smart nanofiber from polycaprolactone (PCL) can potentially be used as medical device to enhance the delivery of bioactive molecules from myrtle extracts (NanoPCL-M)
The delivered pretreatment with NanoPCL-M vehiculated in the cultures by the flow of bioreactor, mimics a topic treatment that reaches first keratinocytes, the basal layer containing stem cells, and the dermis, mainly comprised by fibroblasts. We show that these functionalized nanofibers (NanoPCL-M) were able to increase stem cell and fibroblasts viability, counteracting aging triggered by oxidative stress
Summary
In the past few decades, aging-related diseases have emerged as major healthcare issues, due to prolonged lifespans [1]. Within this context, the need of a therapeutic intervention able to minimize age-related complications attracted the interest of pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, with natural cosmetic products for the skincare attaining a growing interest [2,3]. Skin is a barrier showing many difficulties for transdermal delivery of active molecules since the stratus corneus affects the permeation of the right amount across the skin layers. Optimizing local drug delivery represents an important challenge in cosmesis [4]. Nanofibers used in this study have been structurally designed to meet all restrictions for application in human medicine
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