Abstract
In this work, a multi-layer wound dressing consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foam and electrospun sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) surface mesh was developed and characterized. Antimicrobial drug stearyl trimethyl ammoium chloride (STAC) was loaded into the PVA foam for infection control and the CMC surface mesh offers effective hemostatic function. Additionally, the potential of laser photodynamic response of the loaded methylene blue (MB) and its effect in enhancing the wound dressing's bacterial inhibition has been investigated. The antibacterial drug and laser photodynamic therapy (PDT) were jointly deployed, which demonstrated greater potential in killing both S. aureus and E. coli bacteria strains. In addition, the unique color changing property of MB has enabled real time bacterial infection monitoring of the wound dressing. The multi-layer wound dressing with ideal material combination and unique multifunctionality may be a promising option for wound management in the future healthcare sector.
Highlights
The C\\N peak in P/ M is derived from methylene blue (MB), while the C-N+ is originated from stearyl trimethyl ammoium chloride (STAC), and these indicate the successful introduction of MB and STAC into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foam samples
The results suggest that MB can provide an effective infection monitoring function in situ and in real time, while the STAC can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria when OD = 0.8
A multi-layer wound dressing composed of STAC and MB laden PVA foam and CMC mesh was prepared
Summary
Its open-cell structure with rich hydroxyl surface functional groups allow water absorption up to 6–9 times of its own mass [19] Despite these advantages, PVA foam lacks the blood clotting function that is desired for wound closing and healing. PVA foam was loaded with stearyl trimethyl ammoium chloride (STAC) and MB to allow for effective exudate absorption, infection control and monitoring; while the CMC mesh offers the hemostatic function. This is the first multifunctional wound dressing to combine antibacterial drug and laser photodynamic therapy to achieve real time infection monitoring and eradication of both S. aureus and E. coli bacteria strains
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