Abstract
The Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the used communication systems that serve and enables the deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT), which occasionally transmit small size data. As part of the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), LoRaWAN is characterized by its ability for low power consumption. In addition, it is built to provide more extended coverage and higher capacity with minimum cost. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility and scalability of LoRaWAN for the Mina area using a realistic network model. Mina, known as the world’s largest tent city, is a valley located in the east of Makkah city and surrounded by mountains. It accommodates up to 3 million pilgrims annually and contains more than 100000 tents. The performance was evaluated based on a fire detection-like application. Extensive simulations were conducted using the OMNeT++ simulator and Flora model to determine the delivery ratio, collision, and SF distribution for the simulated scenario with a network consisting of up to ten thousand end devices. The conducted simulations show a promising result for LoRaWAN technology for Mina city. It showed a consistent performance for LoRaWAN in most simulated scenarios when a high success ratio was achieved.
Highlights
Internet of things is increasingly being deployed to enhance functionalities for many businesses
As part of the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is characterized by its ability for low power consumption
The conducted simulations show a promising result for LoRaWAN technology for Mina city
Summary
Internet of things is increasingly being deployed to enhance functionalities for many businesses. Communication technologies such as RFID, Bluetooth, WLAN, NFC, LR-WPANs, and 6LowPAN are used to support IoTs optimized for short-range sensing scenarios. Dash-7 Alliance has developed an open-source protocol named D7AP [10] for low-power devices with medium coverage areas Their proposed solution is based on the ISO/IEC 18000-7, used initially by the department of defense—US for logistics. This paper focuses on enhancing the Hajj pilgrimage safety through optimizing the most recent technologies It investigates the feasibility, scalability of LoRaWAN technology for smart fire monitoring and detection application for Mina, Makkah.
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