Abstract

This paper deals with the concept of “smart grids”. Starting from drivers behind the evolution of the power system, an overview of elements and technologies is given: smart grids have to intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it — generators, consumers and those that do both — in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. Examples of solutions from demonstration projects represent the base for discussing methodologies to estimate benefits deriving from smart grid solutions, showing how conflicting goals cannot always be fulfilled simultaneously. Finally, future perspectives are discussed: the main thinking regards the awaited pivot role for customers, in the future scenario with an increased utilization of electricity combined with a high penetration of non-programmable resources.

Highlights

  • Summary. — This paper deals with the concept of “smart grids”

  • Starting from drivers behind the evolution of the power system, an overview of elements and technologies is given: smart grids have to intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it — generators, consumers and those that do both — in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies

  • Examples of solutions from demonstration projects represent the base for discussing methodologies to estimate benefits deriving from smart grid solutions, showing how conflicting goals cannot always be fulfilled simultaneously

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Summary

Introduction

Starting from drivers behind the evolution of the power system, an overview of elements and technologies is given: smart grids have to intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it — generators, consumers and those that do both — in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. This system was designed decades ago in an “unidirectional” framework, where large bulk power plants, usually based on coal, hydro, nuclear or gas, inject the electricity into the high voltage (HV) transmission lines, this energy is delivered to the medium and to the low voltage distribution grid to reach the final users.

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Conclusion

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