Abstract
India accounts for six per cent of the world’s primary energy consumption. Rapid urbanization and rapid urban population growth have had a serious impact on energy consumption and subsequent carbon emissions. In particular, cities face a complex and interrelated set of challenges across different sectors (building environment, mobility, water and waste management and public services). Re-examining these challenges by integrating smart energy management (SEM) principles is critical for sustainable and low-carbon urban development. In addition, managing energy footprint is one of the most challenging goals for cities, and as existing cities evolve and transform into smart cities, SEM becomes an integral part of the urban transformation. This article comprehensively reviews the different SEM technologies for different sectors (construction, transportation, public services, water and waste), the policies, and the current challenges and opportunities for SEM policy governance in India. Making urban energy smart can manage a city’s energy footprint and have a positive impact on future carbon emissions.
Highlights
smart energy management (SEM) is defined as follows: “Smart energy management is a component of smart city development aiming at a site-specific continuous transition towards sustainability, self-sufficiency, and resilience of energy systems, while ensuring accessibility, affordability, and adequacy of energy services, through optimized integration of energy conservation, energy efficiency, and local renewable energy sources
The Government of India (GoI) has been developing policies and programmes to guide the mainstreaming of SEM into urban planning
SEM can be converged with the existing policy programmes by (i) establishing an inter-sectoral coordination committee that ensures integration, cross-referencing and liaison between appropriate organizations in buildings, transport, water and waste, and public services; and (ii) integration of SEM practices into relevant national and local policies (e.g., Smart Cities Mission, relevant missions under the NAPCC, urban development plans, building regulations, and procurement arrangements)
Summary
There is a need to integrate SEM principles in different sectors, such as buildings, transport, water, waste and public services, to reduce carbon emissions and achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). This integrated SEM will ensure the optimal utilization of available resources and reduce reliance on unsustainable energy sources. It highlights SEM governance, SEM strategies and initiatives in different sectors, and potential challenges, drivers and opportunities for SEM in India. The review will contribute to knowledge creation and understanding on the SEM policy landscape in India
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