Abstract
In this study, a novel smart efficiency tracking (SET) algorithm for GaN-based LLC resonant converter for quick battery charging of light electric vehicles is proposed. Conventional frequency modulation (FM) method, single pulse width modulation method (S-PWM) and discontinuous operation mode method (DOM) are used to track the converter efficiency which varies for different loading conditions during the battery charging process. First, the charging modes are explained to define the efficiency variation clearly. Then, the theoretical background of GaN-based LLC resonant converter is presented and the details of design study are given. Third, the principles of three different switching control strategies, the modeling study and the simulation results are put forward. Finally, the details of the implementation of three different switching strategies are presented for the validation of the study. Furthermore, the implementation of the design and its impact on battery charging are discussed. The proposed efficiency tracking method is validated with a 20% efficiency increase for the low loading conditions of GaN-based LLC converter.
Highlights
In this paper, a smart efficiency tracking algorithm of GaN-based LLC resonant converter for quick charging of light electric vehicle batteries is proposed
Because of the complicated impedance circuit of the LLC resonant converter, the resonant operation is determined by two operation conditions which are depicted by two resonance frequencies
The first frequency is used for light loading conditions and the second one is for heavy loading conditions
Summary
A smart efficiency tracking algorithm of GaN-based LLC resonant converter for quick charging of light electric vehicle batteries is proposed. Conventional frequency modulation (FM) method, S-PWM method and discontinuous operation mode method (DOM) principles are used to track the GaN-based LLC resonant converter efficiency throughout the whole cycle of the battery charging process, including constant current charging, i.e., fast charging, and constant voltage charging, i.e., slow charging. There is a substantial amount of academic research on modifying circuit topology or control of the LLC resonant converters by adding auxiliary components to increase the converter efficiency [14,15]. Energies 2022, 15, 1861 operation range of LLC resonant converters and dead-time control is used under low load condition of battery charging process [37]. During the whole charging process the efficiency of the converter can be kept at the highest value
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