Year-end Sale % OFF 
Abstract
A fast and effective wound healing process would substantially decrease medical costs, wound care supplies, and hospitalization significantly improving the patients’ quality of life. The search for effective therapeutic approaches seems to be imperative in order to avoid the aggravation of chronic wounds. In spite of all the efforts that have been made during the recent years towards the development of artificial wound dressings, none of the currently available options combine all the requirements necessary for quick and optimal cutaneous regeneration. Therefore, technological advances in the area of temporary and permanent smart dressings for wound care are required. The development of nanoscience and nanotechnology can improve the materials and designs used in topical wound care in order to efficiently release antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative compounds speeding up the endogenous healing process. Nanostructured dressings can overcome the limitations of the current coverings and, separately, natural origin components can also overcome the drawbacks of current antibiotics and antiseptics (mainly cytotoxicity, antibiotic resistance, and allergies). The combination of natural origin components with demonstrated antibiotic, regenerative, or anti-inflammatory properties together with nanostructured materials is a promising approach to fulfil all the requirements needed for the next generation of bioactive wound dressings. Microbially compromised wounds have been treated with different essential oils, honey, cationic peptides, aloe vera, plant extracts, and other natural origin occurring antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative components but the available evidence is limited and insufficient to be able to draw reliable conclusions and to extrapolate those findings to the clinical practice. The evidence and some promising preliminary results indicate that future comparative studies are justified but instead of talking about the beneficial or inert effects of those natural origin occurring materials, the scientific community leads towards the identification of the main active components involved and their mechanism of action during the corresponding healing, antimicrobial, or regenerative processes and in carrying out systematic and comparative controlled tests. Once those natural origin components have been identified and their efficacy validated through solid clinical trials, their combination within nanostructured dressings can open up new avenues in the fabrication of bioactive dressings with outstanding characteristics for wound care. The motivation of this work is to analyze the state of the art in the use of different essential oils, honey, cationic peptides, aloe vera, plant extracts, and other natural origin occurring materials as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and regenerative components with the aim of clarifying their potential clinical use in bioactive dressings. We conclude that, for those natural occurring materials, more clinical trials are needed to reach a sufficient level of evidence as therapeutic agents for wound healing management.
Highlights
Human skin is the largest organ in our body
This study showed the high efficiency of these nanodressings loaded with the antibiotics gentamicin and ceftazidime against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, both in vitro and in vivo, to improve wound healing processes
In this regard Tan et al [181] calculated the mics for two different honeys against nine different bacteria (S. pyogenes, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus agalactiae, S. aureus ATCC 33591, Proteus mirabilis, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae) and the values ranged from 8.75% (w/v) to 25% for tualang honey, while those for manuka honey ranged between 8.75% and 20% (w/v)
Summary
Adult skin comprises three different layers: the keratinized stratified epidermis, formed by the stratum corneum and by the underlying nucleated epidermis composed of four differentiated layers showing complex cell-cell interactions; the dermis which is a thick collagen-rich connective tissue where follicles, glands, nerves and capillary vessels are embedded; and the hypodermis which mainly consists of blood vessels and adipose tissue (Figure 1) [1,2,3] It forms an effective barrier between the external environment and our organism protecting us from water loss and against pathogens and harmful assaults [4]. The search of cost-effective therapies for wound healing is becoming an essential topic of ongoing research and discussion worldwide
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
