Smart City Assessment for Sustainable City Development on Smart Governance: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

smart city is a concept in the sustainable development of cities. Smart city assessment measures smartness based on various smart city indicators. One of the indicators in a smart city is smart governance which aims to provide public services through ICT support. Various phenomena and issues in smart city assessment (smart governance) are crucial for exploration, especially in indicators, capabilities, stakeholders, weaknesses, and factors influencing smart governance. A literature review is an analysis model used for exploring smart city assessment. The phases performed consist of three main steps. The first phase of preparation consists of identifying requirements and developing a review protocol. The second implementation phase consists of searching, selecting, and extracting materials. The third phase is reporting (dissemination of results). This study reviews the SCA to answer various phenomena, especially indicators, capabilities, stakeholders, weaknesses, and smart governance factors. The review results show various issues and phenomena in the smart city assessment. The issue in the indicator aspect is the first step that needs to be fixed. The issue in the capability aspect lies in the characteristics of the city to be measured. The stakeholder aspect has a problem in involving various stakeholders to get the assessment results from multiple points of view. At the same time, the issue on the weakness aspect is paying attention to smart city goals and world standards. Stakeholders require more pay attention to the issue of smart city assessment. Therefore, the process and implementation adhere to the smart city's standards and its objectives. Influences have been identified, namely policy domain, Trust, political & institutional environment, internet reach and use, and spatial characteristics.