Smart charging strategies for heavy electric vehicles

Abstract

With emission standards tightening around the world and the popularity of electric cars rising, the electrification of heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., diesel trucks) appears to be a natural progression. For electric truck (ET) charging, a return-to-base strategy with chargers located where trucks begin and end each day, such as trucks used in cargo, freight, and delivery entities, is becoming increasingly viable and attractive. This return-to-base strategy; however, has impacts on the peak demand of a facility which can contribute to an increase in demand charge and requires electrical asset upgrades in certain circumstances. This challenge is different and unique compared to the light-duty passenger vehicles charging challenge (i.e., low distributed charging load and longer charging periods). To address this ET charging challenge, this paper proposes a smart charging system (SCS) that manages the charging process of ETs at their commercial facilities, with the objective of minimizing the peak demand of the aggregate load profile at the facility. Our simulation studies show the effectiveness of the proposed SCS in reducing the peak demand of the facility. The proposed solution can achieve a monthly saving in demand charge of up to 54% compared to uncontrolled charging schemes. • A smart charging system to address the challenges of ET charging at their facilities. • Addresses ET operators' concerns over the increase of demand charges of ET charging. • Accommodates the V2V and V2G technologies in the smart charging system of ETs. • Increases the adoption rate of electric trucks into the different commercial fleets. • The proposed solution can achieve a monthly saving in demand charge of up to 54%.