Abstract
Smart card data is increasingly used to investigate passenger behavior and the demand characteristics of public transport. The destination estimation of public transport is one of the major concerns for the implementation of smart card data. In recent years, numerous studies concerning destination estimation have been carried out—most automatic fare collection (AFC) systems only record boarding information but not passenger alighting information. This study provides a comprehensive review of the practice of using smart card data for destination estimation. The results show that the land use factor is not discussed in more than three quarters of papers and sensitivity analysis is not applied in two thirds of papers. In addition, the results are not validated in half the relevant studies. In the future, more research should be done to improve the current model, such as considering additional factors or making sensitivity analysis of parameters as well as validating the results with multi-source data and new methods.
Highlights
Automated fare collection (AFC) systems are exploited by many public transit agencies [1]. the main purpose is to make charging and management more convenient [2], massive and continuous smart card data can be recorded and served, which can provide lots of precious opportunities for researchers
There are lots of studies estimate public traffic destination using mobile phone signaling data or video data, while this paper focus on smart card data, so we set the second condition
For entry only AFC systems, in addition to manual survey data, the bus video data and mobile MAC data can be used to validate the model, for these data can be obtained by technical means
Summary
Automated fare collection (AFC) systems are exploited by many public transit agencies [1]. the main purpose is to make charging and management more convenient [2], massive and continuous smart card data can be recorded and served, which can provide lots of precious opportunities for researchers. Automated fare collection (AFC) systems are exploited by many public transit agencies [1]. Travel patterns [3–5], behavior analysis [6–9], performance assessment of bus transport reform [10–13]. In the study of smart card data, the spatio-temporal information on boarding and alighting is very important [18–20]. With these records can the above analysis be more accurate and the utilization of AFC system be more efficient [21,22]. Many AFC systems only record boarding time and boarding location [2], as most of them just need users swiping smart card at the beginning of the travel, which is called entry-only system [23]. AFC system of New York City, America [24], AFC system of Chicago, America [5], public transport system of Santiago, Chile [25], AFC system of Guangzhou, China [26]
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