Abstract
Novel intelligent systems to assist energy transition and improve sustainability can be deployed at different scales, ranging from a house to an entire region. University campuses are an interesting intermediate size (big enough to matter and small enough to be tractable) for research, development, test and training on the integration of smartness at all levels, which has led to the emergence of the concept of “smart campus” over the last few years. This review article proposes an extensive analysis of the scientific literature on smart campuses from the last decade (2010-2020). The 182 selected publications are distributed into seven categories of smartness: smart building, smart environment, smart mobility, smart living, smart people, smart governance and smart data. The main open questions and challenges regarding smart campuses are presented at the end of the review and deal with sustainability and energy transition, acceptability and ethics, learning models, open data policies and interoperability. The present work was carried out within the framework of the Energy Network of the Regional Leaders Summit (RLS-Energy) as part of its multilateral research efforts on smart regions.
Highlights
The present work was initiated by the Energy Network of the Regional Leaders Summit (RLS)
We identify sustainability efforts emerging from publications, since our vision is that a campus cannot truly be smart if it is not sustainable, and added level of smartness can help to achieve more sustainable campuses
After a careful analysis of each paper, when it was found that it was not directly related to the topic of “smart campus”, “intelligent campus”, or “smart university”, the article was removed from the review
Summary
The present work was initiated by the Energy Network of the Regional Leaders Summit (RLS). Bandara et al [3] stated that it is “an initiative to use ICT (Information and Communication Technology) within a University Campus to improve the quality and performance of the services, to reduce costs and resource consumption, and to engage more effectively and actively with its members”. Current literature presents brief reviews on the smart campus concept This paper presents an extensive and rigorous review of the last decade of research on smart campuses and aims at covering all components of the concept critically.
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