Abstract
One of the main challenges in endoprosthesis surgeries are implant-associated infections and aseptic-loosenings, caused by wear debris. To combat these problems, the requirements to surfaces of endoprostheses are wear-resistance, low cytotoxicity and antimicrobial efficacy. We here present antimicrobial coatings with a smart, adaptive release of metal ions in case of infection, based on ZnO-nanoparticles embedded in diamond-like carbon (DLC). The Zn2+ ion release of these coatings in aqueous environments reacts and adapts smartly on inflammations accompanied by acidosis. Moreover, we show that this increased ion release comes along with an increased toxicity to fibroblastic cells (L929) and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, resistant to methicillin and oxacillin. (ATCC 43300, MRSA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 35984, S. epidermidis). Interestingly, the antimicrobial effect and the cytotoxicity of the coatings increase with a reduction of the pH value from 7.4 to 6.4, but not further to pH 5.4.
Highlights
One of the main challenges in endoprosthesis surgeries are implant-associated infections and aseptic-loosenings, caused by wear debris
We obtained release kinetics, which are almost independent of the fluence used in the diamond-like carbon (DLC)-transformation
The release kinetics are rather dominated by the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles in the DLC film on the one hand and by the pH of the surrounding medium on the other hand
Summary
One of the main challenges in endoprosthesis surgeries are implant-associated infections and aseptic-loosenings, caused by wear debris. In addition to the ion release measurements, we tested the toxicity of this coating to cells and bacteria in the relevant pH range. We incubate the samples in aqueous solutions and measure their ion release kinetics.
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