Smallholder livelihood adaptation capacity to the risk of climate change disasters in the buffer area of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (TN BABUL) South Sulawesi

Abstract

The number of smallholders’ farmer around the forest areas in Indonesia are about fifteen million households, and facing the risk of climate change disaster in their activities on the various national park area in Indonesia. This paper discussed about the role of management decentralization of National Park Zonation toward enhancement livelihood adaptation strategy of smallholder farmers, facing the risk of climate change disaster using spatial analysis (GIS) and content analysis. The result describing proprietor’s devolution at the resort level in the management of special zone and traditional zone that is a basic strategy to provide access to smallholders manages the land to develop agroforestry patterns that are resistant to climate variability. While in the jungle zone and utilization zone, devolution is only authorized user rights until the claimant right to collect non-timber forest products grown naturally to ensure resource sustainability. Pseudo de-concentration by the SPTN is required to monitor and ensure proprietors devolution rights, authorized user right, or claimant right in the management of traditional zone, special zone, jungle zone, and utilization zone between resort institution, the village head, and smallholders’ farmers. The implementation of devolution that produces anonymous adaptation supported by planned adaptation from village institutions and government can enhancement the adaptation capacity of smallholder farmers in managing rice fields and their PLKCS land or in conservation forest areas with the availability of irrigation water sources.