Abstract
This paper presents small-signal modeling, analysis, and control design for wireless distributed and enabled battery energy storage system (WEDES) for electric vehicles (EVs), which can realize the active state-of-charge (SOC) balancing between each WEDES battery module and maintain operation with a regulated bus voltage. The derived small-signal models of the WEDES system consist of several sub-models, such as the DC-DC boost converter model, wireless power transfer model, and the models of control compensators. The small-signal models are able to provide deep insight analysis of the steady-state and dynamics of the WEDES battery system and provide design guidelines or criteria of the WEDES controller. The derived small-signal models and controller design are evaluated and validated by both MATLAB®/SIMULINK simulation and hardware experimental prototype.
Highlights
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) have been widely used in various applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs), consumer electronics, medical devices, smart grid, energy backup in data centers, and among others [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
Different from the conventional battery system, the conventional single battery pack is divided into multiple small battery modules, which swapping concept where the battery pack as a whole is exchanged at one time, in the WEDES battery can deliver power through wireless power transfer (WPT) technology to the OBU
It should be emphasized that due to the inevitable power loss during wireless power transfer, the bus voltage control loop is important to adaptively enabled/disable values δMX1 through δMXN to further generate the weighting factors λDC1 through λDCN, as given by Equation (3)
Summary
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) have been widely used in various applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs), consumer electronics, medical devices, smart grid, energy backup in data centers, and among others [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. To deal with the challenges in (WEDES) system and WEDES controller for EVs are presented in [1], which allows for fast and safe the conventional battery swapping concept, a new distributed and enabled battery energy storage exchange/swapping of smaller and lighter battery modules with wireless power transfer (WPT). While the on-board-unit (OBU) consists of a wireless power receiver coil (Rx swapping concept where the battery pack as a whole is exchanged at one time, in the WEDES battery coil), wireless communication circuit, and host controller. Different from the conventional battery system, the conventional single battery pack is divided into multiple small battery modules, which swapping concept where the battery pack as a whole is exchanged at one time, in the WEDES battery can deliver power through wireless power transfer (WPT) technology to the OBU.
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