Abstract
A perturbation calculation gives the resonance polarization of a molecule in an electric field as a function of time. An analysis is then made of maser operation with a divergent, univelocity beam. Equations are derived which give the relative beam intensity required to start oscillation and the molecular Q as a function of cavity length. An optimum cavity length is predicted. This theory is compared with a similar theory of K. Shimoda which assumes a Maxwell velocity distribution, and reasonable agreement is obtained. On the basis of this agreement it is possible to define an equivalent divergence of the velocity distributed beam.
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