Abstract

abstract Sports science has showed benefits in the use of small-sided games in the teaching-learning and training processes of football. We propose that such benefits occur because the small-sided games are holons of a hierarchically organized that maintain the same characteristics of game, regardless the reduced complexity. The hierarchical model of football considers the numerical relations of cooperation and opposition in specific spaces of play. It characterizes a nested hierarchy model because it deals with both the parts and the different processes of game. Such a hierarchical model contains five levels, in which the upper level is the football game and the elementary level a game situation, that is, a small-sided game. As any open system of hierarchical organization, the small-sided games present simultaneously invariant characteristics of whole and the specificities of the parts according the context and level of analysis. The adoption of such a hierarchical perspective allows setting goals as well as selecting the teaching-learning and training’s contents at different analysis levels by considering the autonomy-dependency in each one.

Highlights

  • Over the past few decades, studies about small-sided games have been increasingly developed in the sport pedagogy and physical education fields, including on the sport of football[1]

  • The small-sided games involves two important characteristics: complexity and difficulty. The latter refers to the level of proficiency demanded by players in the performance of the motor skills to solve the game problems[1], whereas complexity is related to the number of components and their mode of interaction[3]

  • We propose that the foregoing benefits occur because the smallsided games are holons of a hierarchically organized open system

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Summary

Introduction

Over the past few decades, studies about small-sided games have been increasingly developed in the sport pedagogy and physical education fields, including on the sport of football[1]. Small-Sided Games as Holons in the Football: a hierarchical systems approach. This process is followed by applying the correspondence of the hierarchy scale (sixth), which is related to the discontinued changes in patterns and processes from one hierarchical level to the since systems are decomposed over space and time.

Results
Conclusion

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