Abstract
Radars have become devices that one can come across in any environment at any moment. This means that they enter to all areas of life and even in the field of medicine and will be used more intensively in the future. Especially, the attention has been drawn to that they are suitable for the non-contact vital signs monitoring. In this study, two radar structures operating at 24 GHz (Radar 1) and 2.4 GHz (Radar 2) frequencies are used. Radar 1 structure is created on a printed circuit board (PCB), whereas Radar 2 is obtained by combining discrete components. The 8.5 mm movement performed with the aid of a test mechanism is detected by two radars with percentage errors (PEs) of 2.58% and 6.23%, respectively. For the 0.25 Hz vibration frequency, the error is the same for both radars and is 2.4 %. In measurements taken from a healthy human subject, Radar 1 finds a respiration rate with 1.85 % of PE and heart beat rate with 6.17 % of PE. In Radar 2, these values are 2.35 % and 8.24 %, respectively. From the measurement results, it is seen that the resolution of Radar 1 is better than that of Radar 2. The results also indicate that small motion detection and vital signs monitoring are carried out successfully.
Highlights
The elderly population is increasing in proportion to the increasing world population
For measurements performed with Radar 1, the mechanism is located at a distance of 1 m from the radar
A low-cost radar is manufactured on a printed circuit board (PCB) with the necessary circuit elements and commercial – off-the-shelf radar
Summary
The elderly population is increasing in proportion to the increasing world population. Contact devices, such as pulse oximeters, piezoelectric sensors, electrocardiography (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), and respiratory belt, perform vital signs monitoring. When the human is selected as the target, the reflected signal due to the small vibrations of the chest wall contain information on respiration and heartbeat, which constitute the vital signals of the human being. It can be used in the detection of vital signs.
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