Abstract
Aging is a time-dependent decline in physiological function that affects most organisms and is the major risk factor for many non-communicable diseases. The early diagnosis of aging is critical for the treatment of aging and aging-related diseases. In recent years, extensive efforts have attempted to accurately diagnose aging. To date, multiple types of fluorescent probes for various age-related biomarkers have been developed, with the aims of achieving rapid, precise diagnosis of the aging process and evaluating the efficacy of anti-aging drugs. This review summarizes recent research progress in small-molecule fluorescence-based probes for aging diagnosis, and further discusses the challenges and opportunities in this field.
Highlights
Aging is a time-dependent decline in physiological integrity that leads to physical function, a high risk of chronic diseases and vulnerability to death [1]
2.1 Fluorescent probes for aging diagnosis based on enzymes and other markers Sialic acid (SIA) is a type of anionic monosaccharide, which is usually located at the termini of glycoconjugates
Fluorescent probes for the diagnosis of aging are important in aging research and healthspan evaluation
Summary
Aging is a time-dependent decline in physiological integrity that leads to physical function, a high risk of chronic diseases and vulnerability to death [1]. On the basis of those age-related biomarkers, common methods for the diagnosis of aging include SA-β-gal staining by X-gal, and the detection of proteins and mRNAs by western blotting and qPCR, respectively. These methods are complicated, time-consuming and inappropriate for in vivo biological imaging. We review recent advancements and insights in the development of small-molecule fluorescence-based probes for the diagnosis of aging (Table 1) These probes were constructed on the basis of different biomarkers, including small active molecules, microenvironmental parameters and various enzyme types. We hope that this review will help researchers design more precise and valuable molecular tools for the diagnosis of aging
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