Abstract
BackgroundSmall cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare condition with important differences from prostatic adenocarcinoma in terms of clinical and prognostic characteristics. A low prostate-specific antigen and a symptomatic patient, including paraneoplastic symptoms, characterize small cell carcinoma of the prostate. Diagnosis is made on the basis of prostate biopsy, and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography is often used for staging because up to 60% of patients present with de novo metastatic disease. Patients with metastatic disease are usually treated with platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens similar to those used for small cell carcinoma of the lung. However, prognosis remains poor, with a median overall survival of 9 to 17 months despite therapy.Case presentationThis report describes a case of an 80-year-old Caucasian patient with lymph node and bone metastatic small cell carcinoma of the prostate following low-dose-rate brachytherapy for a low-risk prostate carcinoma and treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy.ConclusionLow-dose-rate brachytherapy might be an etiology of small cell prostate cancer.
Highlights
Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare condition with important differences from prostatic adenocarcinoma in terms of clinical and prognostic characteristics
small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) has a prevalence of 10–20% in autopsy reports of men who died of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) [3, 4]
Small cell carcinoma is a distinct clinicopathologic entity that usually arises in the lung but can originate in extrapulmonary sites, including the prostate [1, 3, 5]
Summary
Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare condition with important differences from prostatic adenocarcinoma in terms of clinical and prognostic characteristics. Background Pure small cell carcinoma of the prostate (SCCP) is a rare and aggressive disorder that is distinct from the far more common prostatic adenocarcinoma [1,2,3,4]. Prostate cancer (prca) with neuroendocrine (NE) features emerges during disease progression in patients being treated or previously treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with a prevalence of 0.5–2%. Pathological diagnosis is made on the basis of prostate biopsy using characteristics of small cell tumors
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