Small but Mighty Enemies of the Skin: Scabies Mites and Bedbugs

Abstract

This review offers an overview of scabies and bedbug infestations, covering their characteristics, life cycles, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods. These parasitic conditions are significant dermatological concerns caused by Sarcoptes scabiei and bedbug species such as Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus, respectively. Scabies mites burrow into the skin, causing intense itching and various skin lesions, while bedbugs are nocturnal insects that feed on human blood, leading to itchy, red lesions. These infestations involve multiple stages, with scabies mites being active at temperatures above 20℃ and bedbugs capable of surviving for extended periods without feeding under optimal conditions. Diagnosis often relies on clinical examination, dermoscopy, microscopic analysis of the skin for mites, eggs, or feces in the case of scabies, and detailed inspections for bedbugs. Treatment for scabies involves applying permethrin cream, while bedbug bites generally resolve within a few weeks with symptomatic treatment to prevent secondary infections. The increasing incidence of these infestations calls for heightened awareness and understanding among healthcare providers and the public to effectively manage and control their spread.