Slurry Phase Reaction of Elemental Silicon with Methanol in the Presence of Copper: Direct Synthesis of Trimethoxysilane

Abstract

Slurry phase reaction of elemental silicon with methanol has been studied in the presence of copper using a small amount of cuprous chloride as an activator in DBT (dibenzyltoluene) at various temperatures from 200 <TEX>${^{\circ}C}$</TEX> to 320 <TEX>${^{\circ}C}$</TEX>. Trimethoxysilane (1a) with a Si-H unit was obtained as the major product and tetramethoxysilane (1b) as the minor product. The reaction worked well using a 0.5 wt % CuCl as an activator. The optimum temperature for this direct synthesis of 1a was 240 <TEX>${^{\circ}C}$</TEX>. Methoxysilanes were obtained in 95% yield with 81% selectivity to 1a from 85% conversion of elemental silicon.