Abstract
This work describes the effect of using different shapes of loops with equal electrical path length in antenna miniaturization. Emphasis has been given on equal electrical path length in antenna miniaturization. The loops considered for current antenna topologies are circular, triangular and square keeping the perimeter of loop close to equal in each cases. We have observed the return loss, radiation pattern, input impedance plot, H-field plot, and efficiency for each antenna topology. The reduction in resonant frequency for the cases of circular, triangular and square loops are 22.92%, 22.43% and 36.09%. The reduction is maximum for the case of square loop for better coupling of magnetic field around the square loops in comparison with other loops. Also a huge improvement of −10 dB bandwidth (95.23% to 160.22%) is observed in loaded antennas compare to reference antenna topology. We have also observed that efficiency is in the range of 95.17% to 96.59%. We have compared the simulated results with measured results.
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