Abstract
The event caused due to the movement of the unrestricted free surface liquid in container due to any external excitation is known as sloshing. The problem of liquid sloshing phenomenon in stationary or in moving container is a great matter of concern for many researchers and engineers. The containers may range from a cup of milk, ponds, and lakes to fuel tanks of launching vehicles and cargo ships carrying variety of liquids such as oil, liquefied natural gas, and chemical fluids. As a result of sloshing there is spillage of liquid from the containers and it causes structural instability and structural damage. Due to these reasons, liquid retaining structures which are special in construction and in function from an engineering point of view must be constructed well to be resistant against oscillation of the liquid due to external excitations. The amount of liquid participating in the sloshing motion depends on the shape of tank, the liquid depth, internal objects, if any, orientation, duration, amplitude, and frequency contents of external excitations. This present study focuses on the forced vibration analysis of partially filled two-dimensional rigid rectangular tank numerically. A Finite element (FE) code in two dimensions is developed to understand the behavior of sloshing. This method is competent enough of evaluating both impulsive and convective response of tank-liquid system in terms of base shear and hydrodynamic pressure distribution along the walls of the containers.
Highlights
Sloshing of liquid in partly filled containers impose dynamic pressure along the walls of the containers, which results structural instability
The study of sloshing in containers like fuel tanks running on the roads, cargo ships carrying chemicals or oil, fuel propellant of rockets and the overhead tanks containing liquids is a great matter of concern for different departments of engineering
Aslam [2] approached finite element method to find out the sloshing displacement and hydrodynamic pressure in partially liquid filled annular tank and validated the numerical results with the experimental results which was in a good agreement
Summary
Sloshing of liquid in partly filled containers impose dynamic pressure along the walls of the containers, which results structural instability. Housner [1] performed analytical solution for both rectangular and cylindrical shape container considering a spring mass model to define the liquid sloshing. Arafa [7] formulated to study the sloshing behavior in partially filled rectangular tank without or with baffles placing at different position inside tank using finite element. A pressure based finite element method is employed by Mitra and Sinhamahapatra [8], to study the effect of submerged component on the sloshing effect on rectangular tank under earthquake excitation. Chen et al [9] studied the nonlinear sloshing behavior in cylindrical and rectangular tank using the boundary element method and second order Taylor series expansion and compared with the experimental results obtained using a small scale model under horizontal harmonic and recorded earthquake. Present investigation gives an overall idea regarding these components under harmonic excitation with different frequency and amplitude of excitation
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