Abstract
Among the hot issues of the Fifth Generation (5G), developing by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), advanced antenna design significantly improves the wireless communication qualities. However, limited number of researches have been published on how the smarter antenna design satisfies the 5G antenna design requirements. Hence, in this paper, we have shown that effective antenna designing techniques achieve substantial antenna performance enhancements that are essential input for the current and next-generation communication engineering. First, the excitation weights of the individual array elements are optimized to obtain enhanced antenna performances including reduced side lobe level (SLL), high directivity, reduced power consumption, and flexible radiation pattern. Then, a novel SLL attenuation technique is introduced to further reduce the SLL, power wastage, and interference. In general, the proposed technique of radiation pattern synthesis has resulted in to much better SLL reduction, directivity improvement, power wastage and interference reduction.
Highlights
The interest in the massive wireless communication has grown quickly in recent years [1]
The Self-adaptive differential evolution (SaDE)-optimized hyper beam keeps the number of actively turned on elements optimal while simultaneously reducing the side lobe level (SLL) and increasing the directivity
Applying the hyper beamforming with an exponent of 0.3, better SLL reduction, and directivity are achieved
Summary
The interest in the massive wireless communication has grown quickly in recent years [1]. Among the smart antenna applications, to enhance the signal to interference ratio (SIR), the array pattern should have several nulls in the azimuth plane. One possible solution is to use a circular array pattern; it does not have any nulls in the azimuth plane [2]. With elliptical arrays instead of circular arrays [3], reduction of the distance of the arrays decreases the side lobes; the mutual coupling influence becomes another challenge. The properties of linear and circular array combination are discussed in [8]. In all of these researches, simultaneous side lobe level (SLL) reduction and directivity enhancement were challenging engineering designs.
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