Abstract
This paper presents a single-phase standalone photovoltaic (PV) system with two stages of converters. The aim of this work is to track the maximum power point (MPP) so as to transfer the maximum available power to the load and to control the output current in order to feed the AC load by a sinusoidal current. These goals are attained by using the sliding mode to design control laws in order to command the boost DC-DC and the inverter switches. Thus, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and an output current controller based on the sliding mode are proposed. The innovative aspect of this work is to propose a standalone PV system with the controllers based only on the sliding mode control approach. The proposed system is modeled and simulated under MATLAB Simulink under fast variations of irradiance and temperature. Then, the obtained results using the suggested MPPT are compared to those using the incremental conductance (IC) method. These results demonstrate the superiority of the sliding mode MPPT in terms of the tracking speed, the efficiency, and the time of response. Moreover, the current controller provides an output current of high quality with a THD of 3.47%. Furthermore, for accurate results, these controllers are evaluated under the fluctuations of two daily climatic profiles (sunny and cloudy) and compared those of the IC method. The results illustrate that the sliding mode MPPT has the potential of generating more electrical energy than the IC MPPT with benefits of up to 13.02% for the sunny daily profile and 27.57% for the cloudy one.
Highlights
Due to the increasing fuel prices and related environmental concerns, renewable energies become an important source to supply electricity to buildings and industrial sectors
Both the sliding mode (SM)-maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and the output current controller have been implemented in MATLAB Simulink and tested under severe variations of atmospheric conditions
The suggested controllers consist of sliding mode maximum power point tracking (SM-MPPT) and an output current controller
Summary
Due to the increasing fuel prices and related environmental concerns, renewable energies become an important source to supply electricity to buildings and industrial sectors. Power generation from these sources possesses many outcomes such as clean and limitless behavior [1, 2]. Hydro, geothermal, and solar energies have been available since the birth of our planet and have been used by the first human generation in different ways. Solar energy is considered among the fast-developing technologies and experiences a considerable drop in equipment costs. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming cost-effective options and have the capability of competing with conventional power generation processes [2, 4]. The drawbacks of these systems are the low efficiency of the PV module (9 to 16%) and the nonlinear behavior of the PV cell power-voltage (P-V) characteristic [5]
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