Abstract
The fault ride-through (FRT) capability and fault current issues are the main challenges in doubly fed induction generator- (DFIG-) based wind turbines (WTs). Application of the bridge-type fault current limiter (BFCL) was recognized as a promising solution to cope with these challenges. This paper proposes a nonlinear sliding mode controller (SMC) for the BFCL to enhance the FRT performance of the DFIG-based WT. This controller has robust performance in unpredicted voltage sag level and nonlinear features. Theoretical discussions, power circuit, and nonlinear control consideration of the SMC-based BFCL are conducted, and then, its performance is verified through time-domain simulations in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment. To reduce the chattering phenomenon and decrease the reaching time, it used the exponential reaching law (ERL) for designed SMC. Also, the SMC-based BFCL performance is compared with the conventional and PI controller-based BFCL for both symmetrical and asymmetrical short-circuit faults. Simulation results reveal that the SMC-based BFCL provides better performance compared with the conventional and PI controller-based BFCL to enhance the FRT.
Highlights
Due to the increment of energy demand and depletion of fossil fuels, the demand for electric power generations from renewable energy resources (RESs) is gradually growing [1, 2]. e electric power generation from wind energy is growing so quickly, which can be mostly credited to DFIG-based wind turbines (WTs) due to some advantages such as using partial converter ratings (25–30%) of the nominal-rated wind generator, decoupled active and reactive power control, variable speed operation, low cost, and weight [3]
Is may lead to damage in the rotor-side converter (RSC) of the DFIG and disconnecting from the grid [4, 5]. is contrasts with the fault ride-through (FRT) requirement. is requirement states that the WTs must stay connected when the connecting point voltage remains above limit line 1, as shown Figure 1
The connection of DFIG-based WTs by the nonlinear power electronic converters makes it more nonlinear [17]. erefore, the integration of a nonlinear controller to the bridge-type FCLs (BFCLs) instead of the conventional linear controllers can enhance the FRT performance of the DFIG under fault conditions. Considering this matter, this paper presents a sliding mode controller(SMC-) based BFCL to enhance the FRT performance of the DFIG
Summary
Due to the increment of energy demand and depletion of fossil fuels, the demand for electric power generations from renewable energy resources (RESs) is gradually growing [1, 2]. e electric power generation from wind energy is growing so quickly, which can be mostly credited to DFIG-based wind turbines (WTs) due to some advantages such as using partial converter ratings (25–30%) of the nominal-rated wind generator, decoupled active and reactive power control, variable speed operation, low cost, and weight [3]. Under grid fault conditions, the stator current increases due to the direct connection of the DFIG stator windings to the grid. It results in the transient rotor overcurrent and DC-link overvoltage due to magnetically coupling of the stator and rotor circuit. Ey can satisfy the FRT requirements under low voltage sag but cannot guarantee the FRT under severe voltage sag and limit fault current. Erefore, it is necessary to apply hardware approaches to meet the FRT requirements under severe voltage sag [13, 14].
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