Abstract
Wireless sensor networks play a vital role in remote area applications, where human intervention is not possible. In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) each and every node is strictly an energy as well as bandwidth constrained one. Problem Statement: In a standard WSN, most of the routing techniques, move data from multiple sources to a single fixed base station. Because of the greater number of computational tasks, the existing routing protocol did not address the energy efficient problem properly. In order to overcome the problem of energy consumption due to more number of computational tasks, a new method is developed. Approach: The proposed algorithm divides the sensing field into three active clusters and one sleeping cluster. The cluster head selection is based on the distance between the base station and the normal nodes. The Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) mechanism is used to make the cluster remain in the active state as well as the sleeping state. In an active cluster 50% of nodes will be made active and the remaining 50% be in sleep state. A sleeping cluster will be made active after a period of time and periodically changes its functionality. Results: Due to this periodic change of state, energy consumption is minimized. The performance of the Low Energy Adaptive and Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm is also analyzed, using a network simulator NS2 based on the number of Cluster Heads (CH), energy consumption, Lifetime and the number of nodes alive. The simulation studies were carried out using a network simulation tool NS2, for the proposed method and this is compared with the performance of the existing protocol. The superiority of the proposed method is highlighted.
Highlights
A Wireless sensor network consists of 100s or 1000s of tiny sensor nodes, which have sensing, processing and transmission capabilities
RE < Cluster Head (CH)/Sj.RE put S j into neighbor CH list else find out the forwarding node (Sm) whose tool NS2 is used with a network consisting of 50 nodes deployed in a square area of size 1000×1000 m
50% of nodes in active cluster be made active the In Fig. 6, CH4 collects the data from its cluster remaining 50% be in sleep
Summary
A Wireless sensor network consists of 100s or 1000s of tiny sensor nodes, which have sensing, processing and transmission capabilities. As long as the power is there, each node will be involved in all the three functions of sensing, processing and transmission. The wireless sensor network’s lifetime depends mainly on the energy in each node. In many of the applications node mobility plays a vital role to reduce the energy consumption in the network. Duty cycling mainly focuses on energy conservation in networking subsystems by switching ON/OFF the radio transceiver, when the data is ready or not. In this way, a node can alternate between the sleeping and active state, depending on the network activity
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