Abstract
Recent research has shown that good sleep quality has a positive effect on physical performance. However, sleep quality in Chilean professional soccer players is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine sleep quality in Chilean professional soccer players. It was a cross-sectional, explanatory study with observable variables. The sample consisted of 94 Chilean male soccer players belonging to four professional clubs. The main variable was the Sleep Quality Index, evaluated through the Pittsburgh questionnaire (Spanish version). After estimating sleep quality individually, the four professional soccer clubs’ comparison was performed through a one-factor ANOVA. The Pearson test was used to relate the questionnaire variables; the significance level was p < 0.05. In the global analysis of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a value of 4.75 ± 2.29 on a scale of 0–21 was observed, with no significant differences between the clubs evaluated (p > 0.05). Based on the results obtained, Chilean male professional soccer players present good sleep quality. However, the high values of “sleep latency” and “sleep disturbances” are indicators that should be worked on by the multidisciplinary team of each professional club. They should develop strategies to improve sleep hygiene, encourage good sleep, and fall asleep efficiently.
Highlights
Sleeping is a fundamental biological and physiological need of the human being.good sleep quality is a relevant factor for correct organic functioning; sleeping is regulated by the hypothalamus and cannot be omitted without experiencing harmful consequences for people [1] since, among other actions, it allows regulating and restoring psychological and physical functions [2]
The analysis showed that the 94 Chilean male professional soccer players sleep an average of 7.27 ± 0.92 h per day
A relevant data within this analysis was the bedtime of the soccer players, reaching 8.20 ± 1.00 h
Summary
Good sleep quality is a relevant factor for correct organic functioning; sleeping is regulated by the hypothalamus and cannot be omitted without experiencing harmful consequences for people [1] since, among other actions, it allows regulating and restoring psychological and physical functions [2]. The brain activity developed during the hours of sleep modifies the organism’s functioning; body temperature, specific hormone levels, blood pressure, and respiratory frequency might change [5]. These organic changes, the product of brain activity during sleep, intervene in energy restoration processes, learning, memory, and cognition [1,6], favoring a state of recovery of people [7]. Despite the existing evidence, a considerable number of people sleep fewer hours than necessary (sleep restriction) and have a low sleep quality [8]
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