Abstract
Opioidergic system involves in regulation of sleep and wakefulness. It is possible, therefore, that genetic polymorphisms in OPRM1 influence sleep quality. This study investigated the association of OPRM1 polymorphisms with subjective sleep quality among opioid-naive individuals. This cross-sectional observational study involved 161 opioid-naive males (mean age = 27.74 years; range: 18−63 years). Subjective sleep quality was assessed with the translated and validated Malay version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). DNA was extracted from whole blood and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-genotyping for two OPRM1 polymorphisms (118A>;G and IVS2+691G>;C). Subjects with combined 118A and IVS2+691G alleles (AC haplotype) had significantly lower PSQI scores [mean (SD) = 4.29 (1.76)] compared to those without the haplotype [4.99 (2.50)] (p = 0.004). On the other hand, subjects with combined heterozygous genotype (GC/AG diplotype) had significantly higher PSQI scores compared to those without the diplotype [6.04 (2.48) vs 4.54 (2.22), p = 0.004]. In opioid-naive individuals, AC haplotype and GC/AG diplotype for the 118A>;G and IVS2+691G>;C polymorphisms of OPRM1 are associated with better and poorer sleep quality, respectively.
Highlights
Poor sleep quality has been reported in general population
The present study aimed to investigate the associations between OPRM1 polymorphisms and sleep quality in opioid-naive population
This study revealed that the mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores was significantly lower in carriers of the AC haplotype than those without the haplotype
Summary
Poor sleep quality has been reported in general population. A survey conducted in China reported that the overall prevalence of insomnia was 26.6% among 26,851 subjects from the general population (Tang et al, 2017). A study among 794 medical students in Malaysia found that 16.1% reported bad sleep quality (Zailinawati et al, 2009). A higher prevalence of poor sleep quality (32.9%) was reported among 1,118 Malaysian tertiary students (Lai, Say, 2013). Sleep disorders, socioeconomic status, aging, anxiety and the number of chronic disease, amongst others, Genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in sleep and sleep problems (Heath et al, 1990; Lessov-Schlaggar et al, 2008; Watson et al, 2006; Genderson et al, 2013).
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