Sleep quality and associated factors in older outpatients with hypertension in Vietnam: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background & Aim: Sleep plays a crucial role in controlling blood pressure. Older adults commonly suffer from poor sleep quality which results in several negative health outcomes, such as cognitive impairment, depression, and increased risk of falling. However, limited research exists on sleep quality in older Vietnamese adults. This study aimed to investigate sleep quality and its associated factors in older adults with hypertension in Central Vietnam. Methods & Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Central Vietnam with 235 outpatients who were aged 60 years or older, diagnosed with hypertension, and without cognitive impairment. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was utilized to assess the participants' sleep quality. Multiple binary logistic regression was computed to identify factors associated with sleep quality with a P value less than 0.05. Results: The mean sleep quality score was 8.2 (±3.9), with 71.9% of participants reporting poor sleep quality. Participants with a high school education or less were more likely to report poor sleep quality than those with higher education (OR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.05 - 3.46; p= 0.034). Additionally, the presence of musculoskeletal disease increased the risk of poor sleep quality (OR= 2.26; 95% CI: 1.04 - 4.87; p= 0.038). Conclusion: The majority of participants suffered from poor sleep quality, which was strongly associated with educational level and the presence of musculoskeletal diseases. Strategies for early detection, prevention, and treatment of poor sleep quality are essential for improving health outcomes in this population.