Abstract
Sleep seems to have a significant influence on the metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, results in this association are still inconsistent in children. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of sleep characteristics in the MetS (index and factors) in Spanish children. Cross-sectional study including a sample of 210 children aged 8-to-11-years belonging to 20 schools from the province of Cuenca, Spain was conducted. Cardiometabolic risk and actigraphy sleep patterns were determined and analysed using correlation coefficients, ANCOVA models and a propensity score derivation model. Overall, children in the lower time in bed category and those who went to bed later (> 23:15h) showed worse values in the cardiometabolic profile and risk index. Differences were observed when the total time in bed was below 9h 15mins. Our study shows that short sleep duration could be a risk factor for cardiometabolic risk in children, and bedtime may independently influence this risk. In addition, our data suggests that children’s sleep hygiene should be incorporated in parenting educational programs.
Highlights
Means of fat mass percentage, sleep efficiency and total time in bed were greater in girls than in boys; mean arterial pressure (MAP) values were higher in boys (p
[29] the current study is, to our knowledge, the first to analyse in the same study, on the one hand, the relationship between cardiometabolic risk profile and categories of total time in bed (TTB) using a propensity score analysis and, on the other hand, the influence of bedtime on Metabolic syndrome (MetS) controlling for wake-up time
Our study shows an association between short sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk, in such a way that children who sleep less than 9 hours 15 minutes have a worse cardiometabolic profile
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been conceptualized as a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors (abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipemia and elevated blood pressure). [1] Epidemiologic studies have consistently shown that physically active children have a better cardiometabolic profile than those who are less active [2,3,4] and because of the increase of obesity in children, the interest in MetS in this population is growing.The association between sleep duration and several adverse health outcomes including cardiovascular diseases has been repeatedly reported. [5,6,7,8] a short sleep duration has been associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, lipid profile abnormalities (increased weight or adiposity) and increasing blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. [9,10,11,12,13]Recent research has addressed the impact of sleep timing (combination of bedtime and wake-up time) on health related quality of life. [14] Bedtime has a greater impact on children’s sleep duration than wake-up time does, [15,16] it is more modifiable than wake-up time, and it is likely the behavioural target of clinicians and parents. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been conceptualized as a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors (abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipemia and elevated blood pressure). [1] Epidemiologic studies have consistently shown that physically active children have a better cardiometabolic profile than those who are less active [2,3,4] and because of the increase of obesity in children, the interest in MetS in this population is growing. [5,6,7,8] a short sleep duration has been associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, lipid profile abnormalities (increased weight or adiposity) and increasing blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. Recent research has addressed the impact of sleep timing (combination of bedtime and wake-up time) on health related quality of life. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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