Abstract
IntroductionSome adolescents may have sleep disorder at some point during adolescence. Determining the pattern and practice of sleep among adolescents could be useful to establish a lasting sleep hygiene program among adolescents. The objectives of this study are to describe sleep pattern and practice among adolescent in Nigerian secondary schools.MethodsSleep habits were investigated using a random sampling of adolescents from secondary schools from February to April 2013. A self-administered questionnaire was developed based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV criteria. Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used.ResultsA total of 443 subjects, comprising 263 (59.4%) females and 180 (40.6%) males completed the questionnaire. The mean duration of night sleep of the subjects during weekday was 7.84 (1.9) hours and 8.65 (2.07) hours during the weekend. 22.8% (101/443) had abnormal sleep onset latency (< 5 minutes and > 30 minutes). The gender of the subjects did not influence the sleep onset latency (χ2 = 32.89, p= 0.57). Twenty six (5.9%)of the subjects reported difficulty falling asleep.ConclusionAdolescents have varying degrees of sleeping practice and hygiene.
Highlights
Sleep problem usually entails a sleep pattern that is unsatisfactory or cause of concern to the parent, child or physician
Adolescents go to bed earlier on weekdays than on weekends, with a total night time sleep of 7.84 hours and 8.65 hours on weekdays and on weekends respectively
The decrease in total sleep duration in adolescence reflects a shift in sleep/wake patterns that begins during puberty and is marked by later bedtimes in conjunction with earlier rise times. [18,19]
Summary
Sleep problem usually entails a sleep pattern that is unsatisfactory or cause of concern to the parent, child or physician. The average person spends approximately one third of his or her life sleeping [2]. Sleep comprises such a significant portion of a child's day, sleep disturbances are often overlooked by healthcare practitioners. Actigraphic estimates indicated that children aged 1 to 5 years slept an average of 8.7 hours at night [3]. Throughout childhood, children typically get about 10 hours of sleep a night. This drops significantly at adolescence, but less for biological reasons than for socio-cultural reasons. In the real worldespecially during the school year-very few teenagers get this much sleep and are constantly coping with sleep debt to a greater or lesser degree [4,5,6]
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