Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: To describe sleep in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and explore the association between sleep disturbances, diabetes management and glycemic control. Methods: Adolescents with T1D (n = 159, mean age = 16.4, 43% female, 69% white, mean hemoglobin A1c = 9.3%) completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quantity and quality and sleep disturbances. Frequency of blood glucose monitoring (meter downloads) was used as a measure of diabetes management. Results: Average sleep duration was 7.4 hours, below the recommended duration for this age. Adolescents using insulin pumps reported fewer sleep disturbances and longer sleep duration than those on injections, and older adolescents reported less sleep than younger adolescents. Poorer sleep duration was related to poorer diabetes management, and better self-reported sleep quality was associated with better glycemic control for males but not for females. Conclusions: Assessing for and treating sleep disturbances in adolescents may improve diabetes management.
Highlights
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic health conditions in youth, with over 18,000 new cases diagnosed each year, and the prevalence is increasing.[1]
In order to assess the differential relation between diabetes outcomes and different aspects of sleep similar to what has been examined in adults with T1D,5 we focused on the following subscales for the present study: sleep duration, sleep disturbance
Sleep duration ranged from 3–12 hours per night, with 20.2% of adolescents reporting “poor” or “very poor” sleep quality
Summary
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic health conditions in youth, with over 18,000 new cases diagnosed each year, and the prevalence is increasing.[1] The recommended treatment regimen is complex and demanding, including frequent blood glucose monitoring, insulin administration (via injections or pump), careful tracking of diet and activity levels, and frequent insulin adjustments.[2] Adherence to this regimen is linked with better glycemic control and reduces the risk for acute and long-term medical complications.[3] adolescents and young adults T1D are at increased risk for deteriorating glycemic control and problems with adherence, with only 16% of adolescents. The recommended amount of sleep is 8– 10 hours for adolescents,[6] but the majority of adolescents obtain insufficient sleep (defined as
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