Abstract
BackgroundPower spectral analysis (PSA) is one of the most commonly-used EEG markers of cortical hyperarousal, and can help to understand subjective–objective sleep discrepancy (SOD). Age is associated with decreased sleep EEG activity; however, the PSA of young adults is currently limited. Thus, this study aimed to examine the correlation of spectral EEG power with total sleep time (TST) misperception in young patients.MethodsForty-seven young adults were recruited and underwent a polysomnography recording in a sleep laboratory. Clinical records and self-report questionnaires of all patients were collected, and were used to categorize patients into a good sleeper (GS) group (n = 10), insomnia with a low mismatch group (IWLM, n = 19) or participant with a high mismatch group (IWHM, n = 18). PSA was applied to the first 6 h of sleep.ResultsIWHM patients exhibited a higher absolute power and relative beta/delta ratio in the frontal region compared to the GS group. No significant difference was observed between the IWLM and GS groups. No significant difference in the above parameters was observed between the IWHM and IWLM groups. Moreover, The SOD of TST was positively correlated with frontal absolute power and the relative beta/delta ratio (r = 0.363, P = 0.012; r = 0.363, P = 0.012), and absolute beta EEG spectral power (r = 0.313, P = 0.032) as well as the number of arousals.ConclusionsIncreased frontal beta/delta ratio EEG power was found in young patients with a high mismatch but not in those with a low mismatch, compared with good sleepers. This suggests that there exists increased cortical activity in IWHM patients. In addition, the frontal beta/delta ratio and the number of arousals was positively correlated with the SOD of TST.
Highlights
Insomnia is a common disease in modern society with a prevalence rate ranging from 12 to 20% [1]
Baseline characteristics There was no significant differences in age, sex, race, place of residence, marital status, family history of insomnia, or family history of psychosis among the three groups (Table 1)
There was no significant difference in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) or Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) scores between the IWHM and IWLM groups
Summary
Insomnia is a common disease in modern society with a prevalence rate ranging from 12 to 20% [1]. Several studies have attempted to explain the possible mechanisms of SOD in insomnias and have accumulated 13 possible mechanisms thereof that are supported by good-quality evidence [9]. One of these potential mechanisms is related to cortical hyperarousal. Power spectral analysis (PSA) is one of the most commonly-used EEG markers of cortical hyperarousal [12]. Power spectral analysis (PSA) is one of the most commonly-used EEG markers of cortical hyperarousal, and can help to understand subjective–objective sleep discrepancy (SOD). This study aimed to examine the correlation of spectral EEG power with total sleep time (TST) misperception in young patients
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