Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality as Predictors of Health in Elderly Individuals

Lovro Štefan,Vlatko Vučetić,Goran Vrgoč,Goran Sporiš

doi:10.3390/su10113918

Abstract

The main purpose of the present study was to explore the associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with self-rated health. In this cross-sectional study, participants were 894 elderly individuals. Self-rated health, sleep duration, and sleep quality were self-reported. The associations were examined using multiple logistic regression analyses.After adjusting for sex, physical activity, smoking consumption, alcohol consumption, psychological distress, socioeconomic status, and chronic disease/s, sleeping <6 h (OR (Odds ratio) = 3.21; 95% CI (95 percent confident interval) 1.61 to 6.39), 6–7 h (OR = 2.47; 95% CI 1.40 to 4.36), 8–9 h (OR = 3.26; 95% CI 1.82 to 5.83), and >9 h (OR = 3.62; 95% CI 1.57 to 8.34) and having ‘poor’ sleep quality (≥5 points; OR = 2.33; 95% CI 1.46 to 3.73) were associated with ‘poor’ self-rated health. When sleep duration and sleep quality were entered simultaneously into the model, the same associations remained. Our findings provide evidence that both ‘short’ and ‘long’ sleep and ‘poor’ sleep quality are associated with ‘poor’ self-rated health. Thus, interventions that promote healthy sleep hygiene in the elderly are warranted.

Highlights

Sleep duration is an important factor that contributes to overall health status [1]
In model 1, we examined the association between sleep duration (7–8 h as referent value) and ‘poor’ self-rated health
The main purpose of the present study was to explore the associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with self-rated health

Summary

Introduction

Sleep duration is an important factor that contributes to overall health status [1]. It has been reported that extreme values of sleep duration (both short and long sleep) are associated with higher levels of mortality rates [2,3] and increased incidence of cardiovascular [4] and metabolic [5] diseases. A study by Hulvej Rod et al [7] showed that men and women with sleep disturbances were more likely to develop cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, yet men with ≥3 types of sleep disturbances had a higher risk of committing suicide. Previous studies have shown that self-rated health serves as a good predictor of objective health status [8] and is associated with health outcomes [9]

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Conclusion