Abstract
BackgroundSleep disturbances have been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, with heterogeneous results. The aim of our study was to assess sleep function in OCD and to investigate the relationship between sleep and the severity of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, depressive symptoms and trait anxiety.MethodsSleep quality was measured in 61 OCD patients and 100 healthy controls (HCs) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Multiple linear regression was conducted to explore the association between sleep and psychopathological measures; a mediation analysis was also performed.ResultsOCD patients showed poor sleep quality and more sleep disturbances compared to HCs. The severity of depression, trait anxiety and OC symptomatology were correlated with poor sleep quality. Multiple linear regression analyses controlling for potential confounders revealed that the severity of depression and trait anxiety were independently related to poor sleep quality in OCD. A mediation analysis showed that both the severity of trait anxiety and depression mediate the relationship between the severity of OC symptoms and poor sleep quality among patients with OCD.ConclusionsOur findings support the existence of sleep disturbances in OCD. Trait anxiety and depression play a key role in sleep quality among OCD patients.
Highlights
Sleep disturbances have been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, with heterogeneous results
The aim of our study was to assess the differences in sleep pattern and quality in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls (HCs) and to determine the influence of the severity of depressive, trait anxiety and OC symptoms on sleep function in the patient group
OCD patients with depression reported more depressive symptoms but no significant differences in trait anxiety or OC symptoms when compared with OCD patients without depression
Summary
Sleep disturbances have been reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, with heterogeneous results. The aim of our study was to assess sleep function in OCD and to investigate the relationship between sleep and the severity of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, depressive symptoms and trait anxiety. Sleep disturbances have been reported in mood, eating, anxiety, personality, autism and schizophrenia disorders [2]. Previous research in OCD suggests that there is an association between specific sleep behaviours and clinical characteristics such as the severity of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, treatment resistance and age of onset of the disorder [5, 6]. Some studies argue that sleep disturbances in OCD could be attributed to the presence of comorbid depression [9,10,11]
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