Sleep Disturbances Generate Alzheimer’s Disease Through Inflammation

Abstract

As the world's population ages, more and more people are suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and dementia. In recent years, the research on Alzheimer's disease has gradually extended to other directions, among which the relationship between neuroimmunity and Alzheimer's disease has attracted attention. The pathological features of AD include deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles TAU, and neuronal loss. Studies have shown that sleep disturbances are factors that induce cellular and molecular inflammatory changes. Most people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) experience some form of sleep disruption, including nighttime sleep fragmentation, increased daytime napping, decreased slow-wave sleep (SWS, stage N3), and decreased rapid eye movement sleep (REM). In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that sleep disturbances can lead to cognitive decline and may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia by triggering inflammation through increased beta-amyloid burden. This article will explain the connection between sleep disorders, inflammation, and Alzheimer's disease. It also elaborates on the mechanisms by which inflammatory factors trigger Alzheimer's disease, sleep disorders activate inflammatory pathways, and prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease by means of anti-inflammatory and sleep therapy. In the future, research and exploration of drugs to treat inflammation in sleep disorders will also be important for preventing Alzheimer's disease.