Abstract
Pathophysiological changes resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI) result in four groups of sleep-related problems: (1) sleep-disordered breathing with hypoventilation and obstructive sleep apnea; (2) circadian rhythm disorders with disruption of melatonin and body temperature rhythms; (3) sensorimotor problems with restless legs and periodic limb movements; and (4) insomnia with multifactorial causes, including pain, paresthesias, mood and anxiety disorders and voiding problems in addition to the above. Sleep disorders are under-recognized in patients with SCI because sleep-related respiratory problems may be asymptomatic, and thus are not investigated. In patients with SCI, sleep-disordered breathing leads to neurocognitive impairment adversely affecting neurorehabilitation.
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