Sleep disorders in metropolitan residents

Abstract

Every second patient has sleep disorder. Outcomes of decreased quality of sleep lead to serious medical and socioeconomic value. Population studies identify the main causes of sleep problems: stress, poor sleep hygiene, somatic disorders. The effect of stress on sleep is noted by 75% of responders. The most frequently sleep disorders are insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs. Treatment of insomnia based on current standards for the management of patients with insomnia. The main methods for the treatment of chronic insomnia are cognitive behavioral therapy, short-term hypnotic pharmacotherapy or a combination of both. Z-hypnotics, benzodiazepine receptors agonists, melatonine and melatonine receptors agonists, antihistamines, antidepressants, neuroleptics, herbal and antiepileptic drugs are recommended for the treatment of chronic insomnia. Most of them are in tablet form. Cases of gradual cancellation of hypnotics, an increase in half-life of the drug and refusal of hypnotic drug for fear of lack of hypnotic side effects control, require individual selection of the dosage. Liquid form (in drops) of doxilamine from antihistamines group -Valocardine®-Doxilamine (Krewel Meuselbach GmbH, Germany) enables convenient dosing with addition potentiation of the effect due to combination with ethanol and mint oil.