Abstract
Background: Probiotics and their products are increasingly used in skincare in recent years. Postbiotics are defined as any substance derived through the metabolic activity of a probiotic microorganism, which exerts a direct or indirect beneficial effect on the host. The extracellular metabolites of probiotic bacteria have antimicrobial activities, protect against acne, and improve skin condition. We studied skin protective activities of the extracellular metabolite (LactoSporin) of a spore-forming probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in vitro. Methods: LactoSporin was evaluated for antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging activity and reactive oxygen quenching activity in human dermal fibroblast cells. Protection of fibroblasts from UV-induced apoptosis and cell death was studied by flow cytometry and neutral red uptake assays. Enzyme inhibition assays were carried out for collagenase, Elastase, and Hyaluronidase. Gene expression studies were carried out using polymerase chain reaction. Results: LactoSporin showed antioxidant activity and was found to protect skin cells from UV-induced apoptosis and cell death. LactoSporin inhibited collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase activity and upregulated the expression of hyaluronan synthase, transforming growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which are associated with extracellular matrix integrity. Conclusions: These results suggest LactoSporin is a skin protective postbiotic with wide application in cosmetic formulations.
Highlights
The skin is the largest and complex protective organ with a network of multiple cells in a symbiotic relationship with microbial communities
Antioxidant activity of the extracellular metabolite LactoSporin was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species
In a recent clinical study, LactoSporin-based formulation showed a reduction in acne severity [26]
Summary
The skin is the largest and complex protective organ with a network of multiple cells in a symbiotic relationship with microbial communities. Since the skin is continuously exposed to exogenous and endogenous factors, a disruption in the microbiome creates dysbiosis This perturbation of the skin microbiome can cause skin diseases such as acne, eczema infections, allergies, autoimmune diseases, Cosmetics 2020, 7, 76; doi:10.3390/cosmetics7040076 www.mdpi.com/journal/cosmetics. Probiotics and their products are increasingly used in skincare in recent years. We studied skin protective activities of the extracellular metabolite (LactoSporin) of a spore-forming probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in vitro. LactoSporin inhibited collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase activity and upregulated the expression of hyaluronan synthase, transforming growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which are associated with extracellular matrix integrity
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