Abstract
The infection caused by the recently identified SARS-CoV-2, dubbed coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), has become a pandemic. With exponential growth of morbidity among the people around the world, the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 are becoming clearer and description of new disease symptoms descriptions is emerging. The sufficient amount of descriptions of various skin manifestations in patients with COVID-19 has appeared, however they are characterized by great heterogeneity. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of skin rashes in patients with COVID-19 are currently unknown, however, hypotheses have been put forward that they have an overactive immune response, activation of the complement system and microvascular damage. Based on the published literature data and our own experience, the following characteristic types of skin rashes can be distinguished among the skin manifestations of this viral disease: urticaria, confluent, papulovesicular exanthema, acral rashes similar to frostbite, livedo reticularis and purpura. Possible development of skin lesions against the background of the development of COVID-19 provides the need to inform dermatologists about the features of the skin manifestations of this disease, as well as to study further these symptoms of COVID-19 to determine their diagnostic and prognostic value.
Highlights
The sufficient amount of descriptions of various skin manifestations in patients with COVID‐19 has appeared, they are characterized by great heterogeneity
Based on the published literature data and our own experience, the following characteristic types of skin rashes can be distinguished among the skin manifestations of this viral disease: urticaria, confluent, papulovesicular exanthema, acral rashes similar to frostbite, livedo reticularis and purpura
Available at: https://www.the hospitalist.org/hospitalist/article/220183/coronavirus-updates/skin-manifestations-are-emerging-coronavirus-pandemic (Accessed 28 May 2020)
Summary
Основываясь на опубликованных литературных данных, собственном опыте, среди кожных проявлений данного вирусного заболевания можно выделить следующие характерные типы высыпаний на коже: крапивница, сливающаяся полиморфная эритематозно-макулопапулезная сыпь, папуловезикулярная экзантема, акральные высыпания, похожие на обморожение, ретикулярное ливедо, пурпура. For citation: Dvoryankova EV, Korsunskaya IM, Slavyanskaya TA. Однако при оценке кожных симптомов COVID‐19 следует учитывать, что увеличивающееся количество инфицированных пациентов, а также рост числа тяжелых форм заболевания могли затруднить системную оценку состояния кожи при данной инфекции. Что везикулярные высыпания часто появляются рано, в самом начале болезни (раньше других симптомов в 15 % случаев). Было замечено, что при более легком течении COVID‐19 чаще выявлялись акральные поражения кожи, в то время как при тяжелых формах заболевания преимущественно наблюдалось ливедо [3]. Авторы данной классификации также выделили две более широких группы поражений кожи (табл. 1)
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