Skilling in the Informal Economy in India: Identifying and Addressing Inequities in Designing and Delivering Lifelong Learning Opportunities

Abstract

Lifelong learning opportunities (LLOs) for adults enhance their capabilities and resilience in adapting to changing circumstances, especially in the context of livelihoods. However, informal economy workers face barriers to accessing LLOs, including the digital divide among other challenges. An action research case study of an Indian LLO provider shifting to hybrid vocational education reveals the potential of digital LLOs, where low mobile data costs, high phone penetration, and flexible options mitigate learning expenses. The study details the constraints that the informal economy learners and the LLO providers face and thus contributes to the literature analyzing the broader implications of market changes and skill development for sustainable development.