Skeletal muscle endurance and muscle metabolism in patients with chronic heart failure

Abstract

Alterations in skeletal muscle function are known to contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). To evaluate whether muscle isometric endurance can be objectively measured and whether it is related to skeletal muscle metabolism in CHF. Isometric endurance of the vastus lateralis, measured as time to fatigue (T(F)), was evaluated in 25 patients with CHF (55+/-8 years of age [mean +/- SD]) and 18 healthy subjects (HS) (62+/-6 years of age [mean +/- SD]). Median frequency of surface electromyography was obtained from spectral analysis using a fast Fourier transformation. Citrate synthase (CS), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HADH), hexokinase (HK) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) activities were determined from the right vastus lateralis muscle. T(F) was lower in CHF patients than in HS (49+/-4 s and 80+/-7 s, respectively; P<0.01). Muscle fatigue was present at the end of the endurance test in both groups (median frequency breakpoint at mid-exercise for both groups [P<0.05]). CS (P<0.01) and HK (P<0.01) activities were lower in CHF patients than in HS, but PFK activity was higher (P<0.05). T(F) correlated significantly with CS (r=0.50), HADH (r=0.42), PFK (r=-0.47) and HK (r=0.41) activities and the PFK/CS ratio (r=-0.39) when both groups were considered, and with HADH (r=0.47) and PFK (r=-0.57) activities for the CHF group alone (all P<0.05). These results suggest that isometric endurance of the vastus lateralis muscle is reduced in patients with CHF and that it is related to a reduced muscle oxidative capacity.