Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) can be a promising energy carrier for decarbonizing the economy and especially the transport sector, which is considered as one of the sectors with high carbon emissions due to the extensive use of fossil fuels. H2 is a nontoxic energy carrier that could replace fossil fuels. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) can decrease air pollution and reduce greenhouse gases when H2 is produced from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and at the same time being accessible through a widespread network of Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRSs). In this study, both the sizing of the equipment and financial analysis were performed for an HRS supplied with H2 from the excess electrical energy of a 10 MW wind park. The aim was to determine the optimum configuration of an HRS under the investigation of six different scenarios with various numbers of FCEVs and monthly demands, as well as ascertaining the economic viability of each examined scenario. The effect of the number of vehicles that the installation can refuel to balance the initial cost of the investment and the fuel cost in remote regions was investigated. The results showed that a wind-powered HRS could be a viable solution when sized appropriately and H2 can be used as a storage mean for the rejected wind energy. It was concluded that scenarios with low FCEVs penetration have low economic performance since the payback period presented significantly high values.
Highlights
The ever-increasing needs of modern societies are based on fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas
Different penetrations of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) and monthly demands were taken into consideration
It is concluded that Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRSs) should supply a higher number of FCEVs to reduce overall costs
Summary
The ever-increasing needs of modern societies are based on fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas. Energy cost is beginning to have a more intensively declining trend. All countries aim to ensure energy autonomy and sustainability as a tendency to reduce the use of carbon-based fuels and depth in the economy (energy security). In this respect, H2 has been considered one of the best energy carriers as a storage mean for future energy systems. H2 has been considered one of the best energy carriers as a storage mean for future energy systems It is clean with high energy content and can be applied in the transportation sector, heating, and electricity generation
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