Sizing and Geometry Optimization of Different Mechanical Systems of Domes via the ECBO Algorithm

Abstract

This chapter deals with the optimal design of double-layer Lamella domes, Suspen-Domes, and single-layer domes with relatively long spans including nonlinear structural behavior [1]. In recent years, much progress has been made in the optimal design of space structures by focusing on their linear behavior, neglecting nonlinearities which can result in uneconomic designs. In this study, geometric nonlinearity optimization is taken into account for the abovementioned domes. There are two main steps involved in the optimization of structural problems: analysis and design. In this chapter, OPENSEES [2] is employed for analysis, and enhanced colliding body is utilized in the design phase. All of the required programs for the optimization phase are coded in MATLAB [3]. The design variables include cross-sectional areas of the structural elements, the height of dome, the initial strain of cables, and the cross sections of cables in the Suspen-Dome. In order to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology, three numerical examples including optimization of a single-layer dome with rigid-jointed, suspen-dome, and double-layer domes with 12 rings subjected to dead and snow loading are presented. The main contribution of the chapter is to utilize an efficient metaheuristic algorithm for optimization of domes. Optimal design of structures is usually achieved by considering the design variables to find an objective function which is the minimum weight while all of the design constraints are satisfied.