Size-dependent thermo-mechanical vibration and instability of conveying fluid functionally graded nanoshells based on Mindlin's strain gradient theory

Abstract

The free vibration and instability characteristics of nanoshells made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) with internal fluid flow in thermal environment are studied in this paper based upon the first-order shear deformation shell theory. In order to capture the size effects, Mindlin's strain gradient theory (SGT) is utilized. The mechanical and thermal properties of FG nanoshell are determined by the power-law relation of volume fractions. The Knudsen number is considered to analyze the slip boundary conditions between the flow and wall of nanoshell, and the average velocity correction parameter is used to obtain the modified flow velocity of nano-flow. The governing partial differential equations of motion and associated boundary conditions are derived by Hamilton's principle. An analytical solution method is also employed to solve the governing equations under the simply-supported end conditions. Then, some numerical examples are presented to investigate the effects of fluid velocity, longitudinal and circumferential mode numbers, length scale parameters, material properties, temperature difference and compressive axial loads on the natural frequencies, critical flow velocities and instability of system.