Abstract
Silver was deposited from a nozzle source and an open source on carbon films cooled by liquid nitrogen. The deposits were observed by an electron microscope in order to estimate the size of clusters generated by the vapor ejection through the nozzle. Depositions of less than 1 Å mean thickness were performed with reasonable consistency by the use of a rotating chopper. The surface migration of the atoms was suppressed by encapsulating the deposit with a carbon overcoating. The electron microscopy revealed islands of 10–50 Å diameter. The island formation process indicated a significant difference between the nozzle-source and the open-source depositions. The islands formed on the substrate by the nozzle source deposition appear to represent the clusters generated by homogeneous nucleation during the nozzle beam expansion process of the metal vapor. The cluster size is estimated to be several hundred atoms, and does not show appreciable dependence on the crucible temperature.
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