Abstract
The physicomechanical properties of steels depend substantially on the austenite grain size and the uniformity of the size distribution of grains. Variation in the grain size of steel degrades many of its properties. In particular, this variation can cause nonuniform phase transformations in steel, when bainite forms in more stable coarse austenite grains upon supercooling and pearlite forms in less stable fine austenite grains. The criterion for variation in grain size is taken to be the coefficient of variation V (%), determined as the ratio of the root-mean-square deviation of the grain size σ from the arithmetical average of this size to this arithmetic average:
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