Size-dependent structural transition from multiple-twinned particles to epitaxial fcc nanocrystals and nanocrystal decay

Abstract

The size dependence of structural transition from multiple-twinned particles (MTP) to epitaxial face centered cubic nanocrystals was investigated for Ag nanoparticles formed on Si(001) surfaces by in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction and ex situ transmission electron microscopy. The transition from MTP to nanocrystals was promoted by postdeposition annealing. Clear particle size dependence is found in the epitaxial formation temperatures $({T}_{E})$, which is about $2∕3$ of the calculated, size-dependent, melting temperature $({T}_{M})$ using the value of surface energy ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{S}=1.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{J}∕{\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ for larger particles $(>2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm})$. Once nanocrystals are formed, they decay and disappear in a narrow temperature range between 795 and $850\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. No evidence of nanocrystal melting was detected from the reflection high-energy electron diffraction observations.